Pump.



PATENTED NOV. 3,1903.

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War-2X07?- Bracefllari: iW/a'te \llllllllll PUMP. APPLICATION FILED JUNE 29. 1301.

B. 0. WHITE.

, tllilllll Ill PA'TENTED Nov. a, 1903.

' B. 0. WHITE.

PUMP.

7 APPLICATION FILED JUNE 29. 1901- I H0 MODEL. I 2 SHEET88HBBT 2.

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inder and a reciproca UNITED STATES 1 Eatented November 3, 1903.

PATENT OFFICE.

PUMP.

srncrrrca'rxon forming part of Letters Patent No. 743,361; dated November 8, 1903. I Application filed June 29, 1901. Serial No. 66,465. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, BRUCE CLARK WHITE,

of Pittsburg, in the countyof Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Pumps; and I do hereby declare that the followingis a full,

being bad to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon, which form .a part of this specification.

'A pump coustru cted in accordance with my invention has a rotary pump chamber or cylting piston and is more especially intended for use in pumping semifluid materials, such as slaked lime; but a. pump embodying the same principles of construction is adapted to be used for pumping v all kinds of liquids and gases.

from the form shownin 7 outlet B, which the cylindric wall of thecasing and are herein 'rior casing or inclosure of lindricform, and consists of a cylindrlc wall The invention consists in the matters hereinafterdescribed, and pointed out in the appended claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a sectional view of the pump, taken, on a plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the rotative part thereof, on line 1 1 of Fig. 3.

Fig. 2 is a cross-section thereof, taken on line 2 2 of Fig. 3. Fig. 3 is a cross section taken on line 3 3 of Fig.1. lg. 4. is an exterior view of the pump-casing, the supportingshaft for the eccentric being shown in section. Fig. 5 is aside view of the pump, showing one head of the casing removed and the interior working parts 1n elevation, Fig. 6

is a perspective view showing the connected pistons of the pump and the actuating-eccentric for; said pistons. Fig. 7 is a view in perspective of the rotative head which contains the pump-chambers. Fig. '8 is a vi win section of a form of pump embodying" the main features of my.-invention, di fiering somewhat the preceding figures. Fig. 9 is a sectional view taken on line 9 9 of Fig. 8.

As shown in the Aand end walls or bonnets A and A". Said casing is provided intersect or open through 'through the bonnet A said drawings, the extethe pumpis of cywith an inlet Band an wall A.

C indi'cates a rotative head which is located within the casing and is provided with a cylindric exterior surface fitting the interior surface of the casing. Said head is provided with a rigidly-affixed shaft C which-passes of the casing, being mounted in a suitable bearingon said bonnet and. is herein shown as provided with a drivepulley C by which it may be rotated.

D D indicate two pump-pistons, which are rigidly connected by an intermediate connectin'g portion, herein shown as consisting of lar necks or extensions a. a onthe cylindric metal webs d (1, cast integral with the pistons D D.- Said pistons are mounted to slide in radial pump-chambers. C C p which pumpchambers at their outer ends intersect or open through the exterior cylindric surface ofithe said head, at opposite sides thereof.

Saidpurnp-chambers are formed by the endportions of a transverse recess formed in the head 0, said recess beingsha'ped atits outer parts,'adjacen t to the perip'heryof the head,,to form the walls of the pun1'p-chambers and having a central enlarged part to accommodate the piston-actuating devices:

As hereinshow'n, the transverse piston-receiving recess in the head is open through the side face of said head adjacent to the bonnet A of theorising, the said recess in this instance having the form of e transin the head 0,

verse groove in the end of the head. The

pistons are made of square form, as seen in end view, and the pump-chambers or end portions of thetransv'erse recess of the head are of corresponding shape and are provided with lateral surfaces 0 c for contact with the sides of the pistons D D and with a flat end bearing-surface c for contact with adjacent end surfaces of the said pistons while the.

opposite end surfaces of said"*'pistons are.

adapted to bear againstthe flat inner face of said bonnet A From thisa'rr'angement it is obvious that the inner surface of the bonnet A constitutes, in

efiect, one wall of tons of rectangular form or with flat sides and as clearly shown in Fig.2.,

each pump-chamber, the other walls of which areformed by the bear ing the rotation more fully pointed out, and is not essential so far as the operation of the other features of the pump is concerned. v I v E indicates an eccentric which is'mounted on the side wall or bonnet A and which dur- O is adapted by d, between which the eccentric is inserted manner as to give reciprocatory movement of the connected pistons in the head. In the particular construction shown, wherein the pistons D D are joined b two connectingwebs d d, the parallel bearingsurfaces d (2 for the said eccentric E are shown as formed on two parallel cross-walls (Z d which are cast integral with the said webs d d.

In the operation of the main parts described the head 0 is continuously driven or rotated by suitably-applied driving the said head turns or revolves within the casing the connected pistons D are through their engagement with the eccentric E moved or shifted endwise in the head, so as ment inward and outward in the pump-chamber in which it moves, said eccentric being so with respect to the inlet located or disposed and outlet openings of the pump that each piston will make its inward or suction stroke s for this purpose is means, and as reverse the action of the pump, the said ec- Y centric E is shown as connected by a crank- .arm e with a supporting-shaft E, which is mounted and adapted to turn in the bonnet A and is provided outside of said bonnet with means whereby the eccentric may he swung or moved and rigidly locked in its changed positions. A simple form of device shown in the drawings, consisting of a hand-lever F, attached to the shaft E outside of the bonnet A and provided with a studf, adapted for contact with two stop projections 01 a on the bonnet A so as to limit the movement of the hand-1e ver at opposite limitsof the movement of the eccentric, a set-screw f being shown as inserted through the bearing of the shaft'E and adapted to engage the said shaft, so as torigidly hold the same in position when the eccentric is at either limit of its bodily movementor at a desired intermediate point in such movement. Said eccentric E is shown in full linesin the several figures of the drawings as arranged in position to so operate the pump-pistons that material will be drawn into the pumpchambers from the inlet B and ejected therefrom through the outlet B"; but if the said eccentric be shifted to the position shown in dotted lines in movement will occur.

It the eccentric ,E were made of cylindric form, it is manifest that the pump-pistons would be continuously in movement during the rotation of the head, and while a pump having such cylindric eccentric would be operative, yet in order to produce the best rethat the pistons movement only while the pump-chambers are in communication with the inlet and outlet openings and that the said pistons should have nomovement during the time of the passage ofthe said pump-chambers from the inlet tothe outlet openings and when said chambers are entirely closed at their outer ends by'the annular bearing-surface of the casing. T'oafiord movement in the pump-pistons in the manner described, I make the occentric E of .catn shape at'its bearing-surface or periphery which engages the side-walls of its bearing-slot, and I give the cam-surfaces of the accent ric such shape thatthe inward stroke of each piston will take place during the time the pump-chatnber is in communication with the inlet-opening and that it will remain stationary in its pump-.cham her during the time said chamber is moving along and is closed by the portion of the annular bearing-surface of the casing between the inlet and outlet openings and will move outwardly when the said chamber is in com m unication with the outletsaid Fig 1 a reverse 'uasin opening, beginning said outward movement after the said pump-chamber has reached and is in communication with the said outletopening, as shown in Fig. 1, and completing 5 the said outward movement at the time said pump chamber is fully in register with said outlet-opening, so that all of the material will be discharged from the pump-chamber before the latter begins to movepast or away from the said outlet-openin As a result of this movement in the case'of a sluggish-flowing material, the quantity of the same withinthepump-chamber will be drawn bodily into the pump-chamber and ejected bodily outward therefrom without in either case being forced through any narrow space or channel, and the pump will operate even "tained in the material being handled. This movement of the piston is provided, in the pump shown in the drawings, by making the cam-surface of the cam-shaped eccentric E with three prominences or projections e e e, connected by three arc'shaped or cylindric intermediate surfaces ee" e, the prominences being diametrically opposite the intermediate surfaces'and the cam being so proportioned that its opposite sides will always be in. contact with both of the parallel bearing-surfaces d d". The inlet ans outlet ports being arranged diametrically o posits each other, one of the prominences is directed toward one of the ports, (the outlet-port B in Fig. 1,) and the intermediate portion of the areshaped surface c at the opposite side of the eccentric is directed toward the oppositeport, (the inlet-port B, Fig. 1,) so that each piston will reach the limits of its throw in both directions when it is opposed to the said ports.

Manifestly the pistons will have practically no movement when the sides of the transverse slots of the pistons are engaged by the prominences e e and arc-shaped surfaces 2 e.

position so as to produce a reverse movement in the pistons, so that each piston will be drawn inwardly when the pump-ch in communication withthe outlet-opeping'B' and forcedoutwardly when the pump-chamber is in communication with the inlet-opening B, thereby reversing the direction of action of the pump. As an illustration of the utility of. this "arrangement, if the pump illustrated be used for pumping slaked-lime paste from a tank containing the same, in this case the inlet B will be connected with the lime, and so long as the'pump is operating normally or in the usual way the lime will be withdrawn from the tankand forced out through theoutlet of the pump-casing. It is. found, however, thatgif the lime be allowed to settle in. thetank it becomes solidified, so as to no longer readily flow to ,the pump; but if during'the periods it 1811013 deforce the air -in a condition to the outlet B,

, should solid objects, such as pebbles or stones,-be conby the pressure in the said pipe int M j 5, so' that As hereinbefore described, the piston-actu-' ating eccentric E is arranged to-be shifted in.

.outlet ports for inspecting ber is eccentric a distance less the bottom portion of the tank containing sired to deliver lime from the tank the action of the pump be reversed, as described, the pump will then operate as an air-pump to backwardly from the inlet to the outlet and into the body of lime, thus keeping the same stirred'up or agitated and the tank is resumed.

readily flowand to beeasily pumpedwhen the delivery of the lime from I have shown in the accompanying draw ings a valved water-pipe G communicating with the pump-casing betweenthe inlet B and said pipe serving to supply wa ter under pressure to the pump-chambersat this point. Water thus supplied when-the action of the pump is reversed will be forced o the pumpchambers when the pistons are retracted and will when the pistons move outwardly in approaching the inlet-port be forced or pumped into the mass of lime inthe tank or in the passage from the tank to the pump, with the result of making the lime more fluid and facilitating its flow toward and its subsequent movement through the pump.

The construction in the revolving head illustrated, wherein the transverse recess which forms the pump chamber ismade in the form of a rectangular slot in the end or flat face of the head, so that; the bonnet or I I end wall of the casing forms one wall of each pump-chamber and the pistons slide incontact with said bonnet, has the advantage of greatly facilitating the construction of the head because enabling the bearing-surfaces of the pump-chambers to use of a planer or similar tool and also because it permits the pistons to be removed for repairs by merely taking oif-the bonnet A without disturbing the head and its shaft. Manifestly when the'said bonnet is removed the eccentric will be removed with it and the interior parts will be exposed, as seen in Fig. not only may the pistons be taken out, but by turning the head into proper position access may be had to the inlet and same.

The making of the eccentric E adjustable in position, as described, has the important advantage not only of enabling the action of the pump to be reversed,.but also of enabling its capacity to be varied, the shifting of said than-that required for reversing the pump having the efiect of shortening the stroke of the pistons and lessening the area of the pump-chambers when the pistons are retracted. The adjusting de--% vices for the eccentric may therefore be employed to merely shorten the piston-stroke without reversing the pump action.

ployment of the general features of the construction.described-namcly, the casing having an annular bearing-surface and parts openin g theretiirough and thepiston-carryinghead having'pump-chambers which open through be finished by the or cleaning the An important advantage gained by the emfrom the inlet to theout-let ofthe pump-pistons shaped as dially. The square form in the ing, which is of let &

the bearing-surface of saidxhead-is that of avoiding'the loss of capacityand therefore of power which arises, in apump having inand outlet valves, through the escape of the fluid through the valves 'in the opening and closing of the same, technically known as slip. Manifestly in the fact that no valves are employed, and the open ends of the pump-chambers are closed he bearing-surface of the casing, along which the said of the material drawn into the pump-chamher is retained therein, and all of such mate rial is ejected from the pump at each outward stroke of the pistons.-

So far as is concerned the lateral removal when the bonnet A is removed, the pump-chambers and said pistons need not-be made of rectangular form, it being only necessary forthis purpose that the said chambers and pistons should be so to admit of the lateral removal of the pistons from the chambers and that the pistons should have flat faces for contact with the inner face of the bonnet A on which said pistons slide both circumferentially and rapump chambers and pistons is, however, in connection with a square form in the inlet and outlet ports, preferred because aflording a maximum area ofopening between the saidports and the pump-chambers,with a minimum degree of angular movement in the rotative head, it being obvious that if the pumpchambers and pistons were round, for instance, the

chamber would need to overlap the ports for a considerable distance before the opening between them wouldbe of any considerable size, and the chambers and ports, if made circular, extend through a longer are in the circumference of the head than if made of rectangular form, the areas of the openings in the two cases being the same.

'In Figs. 8 and 9 I have shown a simple form of pump embodying the main features of-my in ven-tiou aud illustrative of the same in its broader aspect, this form of pump beingmore especially adapted for pumping liquids. In this instance, H indicates the eascyliudricform and provided with an integral side wall H and a removable side wall H I indicates the rotative head, whichis provided with a peripheral cylindric bearing-surface in contact with the correspon ing inner cylindric surface of the casing. In said head I is formed a transverse cylindric opening which forms .two

pump-chambers and in whichare located two pistons J J connected bya bar J: The bar, J is provided with a transverse slotj,'which is engaged by an eccentric-pin K, afiixed to the removable side walk H L and L are inlet and outlet passages inv the casing, Said passages communicating with ports 1 Z, which extend along thetinner bearing-face of the p m h n shown slip is entirely avoidedbeca-use of the port, so that all l casing, circumferentially thereof, and each of which extends casing, the two ports being separated from each other at each side of the casing by spaces slightly longer than the diameter of the pumpchambers.

The operation of the pump shown in Figs. 8 and 9 is generally the same as that shown in the other figures of the drawings. In this instance, however, the pump-pistons are continuously in movement during the rotation of the head, flows into one pump-chamber continuously while one pump-piston is making its instroke, while liquid .is ejected through the outletport continuously while the opposite piston is making its outstroke, the ports I and Z being extended around the casing far enough "to afford the inflow and outflow of the liquid during substantially the entire stroke of the connected pistons.

I claim as my invention- 1. A pump comprising an outer casing provided with an interior cylindric bearing-surface and having inlet and outlet ports opening through said bearing-surface, a rotati, ve head mounted in said casing having an exterior ann ular bearing-surface in contact with the bearing-su rface of the casing, said head being provided with a pump-chamber which intersects and opens through its exterior annular bearing-face, a piston sliding her, and an eccentric which engages said piston and gives reciprocatory movement thereto in the rotation of said head, said eccentric being so'shaped as to hold the piston at the inward and outward limit of its stroke while the outer endof the cylinder is moving along the bearing-surface of the casing between and is cut ofi from said ports, and to move the pistoninwardly and outwardly during the said ports.

2. A pump comprising a casing having an outer cylindric wall and end walls, and provided with an interior, cylindric bearing-surtherethrough, a rotative head casing provided with an exterior cylindric bearingsurface and which closely fits within the easing withits exterior cylindric bearing-surface in contact with the interior cylindric surface of the casing, said head being also provided with a transverse recess the end portions of which form pumpchambers which open at their outer ends through the outer cylindric bearing surface and also open laterally through the end surface of the head, connected pistons which fit and slide in said pumpchambers, an eccentric which engages and gives motion 'to the connected piston, one of the end walls of the casing being adapted to support said eccentric and having a flat inner face in contact with the end' surface of the head andwith the adjacent'sideqfaces of the pistons.

3.- A pump-comprising a casing having an nearly half-way around the time the cylinder is in communication with in said pump-cham- .face and with inlet and outlet ports, opening f annular bearing-surface and provided with inlet and outlet ports in said bearing-surface, a rotative head provided with an annular bearing -surface and with a radial pumpchamber opening through said bearing-surface, a piston in said pump-chamber, an eccentric for actuating said piston, a shaft mounted on the casing and provided with a crank-arm to which said eccentric is attached, an actuating-lever attached to the said shaft outside of the casing and coactiug means on the casing and lever for determining the position of the eccentric.

4. A pump comprising a casing having an interior, annular bearing-surface, and provided with inlet and exit ports which open through said bearing-surface, a rotati ve head provided with an external annular hearing-u surface and with a pump-chamber which opens through said bearing-surface, a piston in said pump-chamber, an eccentric for giv= iug motion to the piston, said eccentric being adjustable in position to reverse the action of the pump, and a valved water-supply pipe which communicates with the pump-chamber at a point between ports and at such distance from the inlet-- port that it will, when the motion of the pump is reversed, discharge into the pump chamber when the piston is retracted in the approach of the pump-chamber toward said inlet-port.

In testimony that 'I claim the foregoing as my iuventionI aflix my signature, in presence of two witnesses, this 16th day of May, AD.

BRUCE CLARK WHITE. Witnesses:

'GER'rRUnE Baron, WILLIAM L. HALL.

the said inlet and outlet 

